Modeling Sewer Overflow of a City with a Large Floating Population

The sewer systems of many historical or religious cities are not well associated with present needs. Sudden influx of huge floating population during sacred or festival periods places tremendous pressure on utility services including the sewer system in such cities. Sewer overflow, inundation of roads, environmental degradation, and consequent epidemics are very common during such gatherings. Modeling of sewer quantity and quality with varying population is, therefore, very important for cities with a large floating population in order to mitigate the problem. Applications of different models to assess the impacts of floating population on sewer systems during pilgrimage in the Karbala city of Iraq are described in this book. It was found that sewer flow increases and sewer quality decreases significantly in Karbala city with the increase of population. The temporal and spatial modeling of sewer overflow shows that it mostly happens during prayer times and in the upstream area. The assessment of different technical measures revealed that pipe-jacking system is the most suitable approach in Karbala city for reducing sewer overflow by up to 70%, if properly installed and managed. This work will appeal to readers of authors such as Water supply and sewerage by Steel. The manuscript is disposable and the best way to contact me is via the email address that you may find inside of this book. Many thanks for considering my work, and I look forward to hearing from you in this regard. Yours sincerely, HUSSEIN