Ousmane Sembene

Even by the time Senegalese filmmaker Ousmane Sembene (1923-2007) was forty, he had lived an exceptional life. He joined the French army during World War II and moved from Senegal to France in 1948. There he worked for automaker Citroen, as well as on the docks of Marseille. Exposed to Marxism, he participated in railroad strikes and trade union movements. His early novels and short story collections gained him literary recognition both in Senegal and throughout sub-Saharan Africa. In his fortieth year, Sembene directed the short film Borom Sarret, one of the first films directed by a black African and a movie that brought African cinema to the consciousness of the West. Sembene's subsequent films--including "Black Girl," "Mandabi," "Xala," "Ceddo," "Faat Kine," and "Moolaade"--address contemporary African society and cultural issues with the filmmaker's characteristic wit and subtle satire. Known for urban themes and complex female protagonists, Sembene's movies, both in French and in his native language Wolof, are considered pioneering masterworks of African cinema. "Ousmane Sembene: Interviews" collects conversations from the mid-1960s to 2005, and spans the breadth of his filmmaking career while also touching on his literary work and his role as a public intellectual. Many of these interviews appear here in English for the first time and come from French, German, African diaspora, and Senegalese periodicals. Annett Busch is a writer based in Munich, Germany. Her work has appeared in "Spex," "CameraAustria," and "Kolik." Max Annas of Cologne, Germany, is an author whose work has appeared in "Filmdienst" and "Ecrans d'Afrique," as well as in several books.